*Season goes from December to March*

*ENSO Strenth based off Oceanic-Nino Index*

Colors: Red= Warm or Postiive Phase, Blue= Cold or Negative Phase, Green= Neutral Phase

Index Values


Washington, DC
Season Snowfall Climate Pattern Season Average
NAO PNA AO PDO EPO ENSO
SOI Nino 3.4 Strength
1972/1973 0.1" 0.345 0.057 0.948 -0.48 0.20 -7.0 1.51 Strong El Nino
1997/1998 0.1" 0.047 0.950 -0.647 1.27 0.40 -20.1 2.03 Strong El Nino
2019/2020 0.6" 1.202 -0.515 2.083 -1.16 N/A -2.9 0.54 Weak El Nino
2011/2012 2.0" 1.345 0.455 0.751 -1.27 1.30 9.5 -0.74 Weak La Nina
1975/1976 2.2" 0.357 -0.658 0.891 -1.39 0.77 14.4 -1.48 Strong La Nina
2012/2013 3.1" -0.385 0.007 -1.637 -0.42 0.11 -0.1 -0.28 Neutral
2001/2002 3.2" 0.350 -0.160 0.566 -0.43 0.28 -1.0 -0.09 Neutral
2016/2017 3.4" 0.675 0.095 1.108 0.85 N/A 1.7 -0.11 Neutral
1980/1981 -4.5" 0.220 1.032 -0.537 0.74 -0.65 1.7 -0.38 Neutral
2007/2008 4.9" 0.510 0.000 0.791 -0.76 0.94 15.5 -1.47 Moderate La Nina