Winter Season 1993/1994



Snowfall Totals
City Station December January February March Season Total
Boston KBOS 11.6 33.7 36.2 14.8 96.3
New York City KNYC 6.9 12.0 26.4 8.1 53.4
Philadelphia KPHL 0.9 4.1 13.2 4.9 23.1
Baltimore KBWI 2.9 4.9 5.3 4.2 17.3
Washington, D.C. KDCA 2.6 3.5 3.1 4.0 13.2
Richmond KRIC 5.1 2.2 1.7 0.7 9.7



Daily, Monthly and Seasonal Teleconnection Patterns

NAO PNA AO

ENSO


Monthly Index Values(HADISST)
Month Nino 1+2 Nino 3 Nino 3.4 Nino 4
December -0.29 0.00 0.19 0.37
January -0.07 -0.04 0.03 0.19
February -0.33 -0.29 -0.16 0.03
March -1.13 -0.36 -0.06 0.11
HADISST values removed 1981-2010 base period


Monthly Index Values(ERSST.v5)
Month Nino 1+2 Nino 3 Nino 3.4 Nino 4
December -0.06 0.11 0.20 0.28
January -0.07 0.19 0.09 0.19
February -0.25 -0.08 0.07 0.04
March -0.94 -0.31 0.15 0.17
**ERSST.v5 values using 1981-2010 base periods**


Monthly Index Values(OISST.v2)
Month Nino 1+2 Nino 3 Nino 3.4 Nino 4
December -0.04 0.18 0.19 0.41
January -0.14 0.08 0.03 0.17
February -0.28 -0.30 -0.13 -0.03
March -1.09 -0.25 0.05 0.07
**OISST.v2 values using 1981-2010 base periods**


Historic Nino 3.4/Oceanic-Nino Index Values(ERSST.v5)
Month Nino 3.4 3-Month Period ONI
December 0.10 Nov/Dec/Jan 0.06
January 0.06 Dec/Jan/Feb 0.06
February 0.03 Jan/Feb/Mar 0.07
March 0.11
**Anomalies calculated using 30-year climatological values, updated every five years. The updating of base periods removes observed warming trend in Nino 3.4 region. Anomalies generated from CPC**


Multivariate/Bivariate ENSO Indexes
Month MEI Month BEST
Dec/Jan 0.352 December 0.12
Jan/Feb 0.193 January 0.16
Feb/Mar 0.159 February -0.07
March 0.52



SOI

Monthly SOI Index
December January February March
1.6 -1.6 0.6 -10.6



PDO

Monthly Index Values
NOAA-NCEI UW-JISAO JMA-TCC
December 0.67 1.07 0.6966
January 0.85 1.21 1.0934
February 0.33 0.59 0.6469
March 0.27 0.80 0.6426


MJO Phases




ENSO/PDO Region Sea Surface Temperature Anomalies

ERSST.v5
OISST.v2.1



United States Temperature and Precipitation Anomalies

Monthly Temperature
Monthly Precipitation



Northern Hemisphere 500mb Height Anomalies