Winter Season 1980/1981

Snowfall Totals
City	Station	December	January	February	March	Season Total
Boston	KBOS	5.6	11.9	1.9	0.5	19.9
New York City	KNYC	2.8	8.0	0.0	8.6	19.4
Philadelphia	KPHL	1.4	5.0	0.0	8.8	15.2
Baltimore	KBWI	0.2	4.1	0.0	0.3	4.6
Washington, D.C.	KDCA	0.3	4.2	0.0	0.0	4.5
Richmond	KRIC	0.2	0.6	0.0	0.2	1.0

Daily, Monthly and Seasonal Teleconnection Patterns

NAO	PNA	AO

ENSO

Monthly Index Values(HADISST)
Month	Nino 1+2	Nino 3	Nino 3.4	Nino 4
December	-1.13	0.20	0.36	0.13
January	-1.29	-0.74	-0.45	-0.11
February	-0.83	-0.65	-0.45	-0.03
March	-0.19	-0.24	-0.02	0.18
HADISST values removed 1981-2010 base period

Monthly Index Values(ERSST.v5)
Month	Nino 1+2	Nino 3	Nino 3.4	Nino 4
December	-0.48	0.03	0.08	0.07
January	-1.48	-0.71	-0.37	-0.05
February	-1.09	-0.89	-0.63	-0.07
March	-0.48	-0.54	-0.59	-0.05
ERSST.v5 values using 1981-2010 base periods

Historic Nino 3.4/Oceanic-Nino Index Values(ERSST.v5)
Month	Nino 3.4	3-Month Period	ONI
December	0.22	Nov/Dec/Jan	-0.01
January	-0.38	Dec/Jan/Feb	-0.26
February	-0.62	Jan/Feb/Mar	-0.50
March	-0.51
Anomalies calculated using 30-year climatological values, updated every five years. The updating of base periods removes observed warming trend in Nino 3.4 region. Anomalies generated from CPC

Multivariate/Bivariate ENSO Indexes
Month	MEI	Month	BEST
Dec/Jan	-0.250	December	0.33
Jan/Feb	-0.140	January	-0.31
Feb/Mar	0.455	February	-0.03
		March	0.82

SOI

Monthly SOI Index
December	January	February	March
-0.9	2.7	-3.2	-16.6

PDO

Monthly Index Values
	NOAA-NCEI	UW-JISAO	JMA-TCC
December	0.30	-0.10	0.6953
January	1.18	0.59	1.2446
February	1.24	1.46	1.3852
March	1.22	0.99	1.4470

MJO Phases

ENSO/PDO Region Sea Surface Temperature Anomalies

United States Temperature and Precipitation Anomalies

Monthly Temperature

Monthly Precipitation

Northern Hemisphere 500mb Height Anomalies